BR Wiki - User contributions [en]

Copy

2011-12-28T00:51:04Z

75.118.248.221: description wording changes

The '''Copy (COP)''' [[command]] copies one or more files in numerous ways:
# From one directory to another on the same or different disks.
# From one place on a directory to another place on the same directory. In this case you must give the resultant copy a different name.
# From a file to a printer.
# The -S option has been added to allow copying of a file which is currently open. The file to be copied must be opened for sharing ([[Shr]] or [[ShrI]]). If it is opened [[NoShr]], a file sharing violation error [[4148]] will occur when Copy with -S is attempted.

==Comments and Examples==

When using the copy command, you may specify a drive letter or number, and a path. You may also use [[wildcard characters]] '''?''' and '''*''' in place of alphanumeric characters in file names. [[Redirection symbols]] '''>''' and '''>>''' redirect screen output to a printer, a file, or another device.

The following command copies the file SAMPLE from the default directory of a disk in drive A to the default directory of a disk in drive B. The file name remains the same:

COPY A:SAMPLE B:

The next command copies the file SAMPLE from the subdirectory \TEST1 on a disk in drive A to the subdirectory \TEST2 on the same disk. If TEST2 does not exist as a subdirectory, Business Rules names the file TEST2 and places it in the default directory on the default drive:

COPY A:\TEST1\SAMPLE A:\TEST2

The following command copies SAMPLE from one place in the subdirectory \TEST1 on a disk in drive A to another place in the same subdirectory. The copied file is renamed SAMPLE1:

COPY A:\TEST1\SAMPLE A:\TEST1\SAMPLE1

The next command copies the file SAMPLE from the default directory of a disk in drive B to a printer attached to the first parallel port:

COPY B:SAMPLE PRN:

The same file can be copied to the printer at the first serial port with the following command:

COPY B:SAMPLE AUX:

The next command copies all files with names starting with SAMPLE, a period and any extension from a disk in drive A to a disk in drive B. The '''D''' in the command causes deleted records to be removed from any of the SAMPLE files which are internal files. The '''C''' in the command causes Business Rules! to prompt for a diskette change if the disk in drive B fills up before the copying process is completed.

COPY A:SAMPLE.* B: -DC

The following example copies the internal file SAMPLE from a disk in drive A to a disk in drive B, setting the record length of the new file at 128:

COPY A:SAMPLE B: -128

==Syntax==
[[Image:Copy.png]]

==Defaults==
# Copy the file, using the current file name, into the current directory on the current drive.
# Display a log of all performed actions in the [[command console]].

==Parameters==

Copy requires the '''from file''' parameter, which provides the information necessary for identifying the file or files you wish to copy.

After the '''from file''', you may specify the optional parameter '''to file''', which is the name (and path, if required) of the file you are creating.

'''PRN:''' allows you to copy the file indicated in the '''from file''' to the printer attached to the first parallel port on DOS systems. This string must be translated with the [[SUBSTITUTE]] specification in [[BRConfig.sys]] to specify the appropriate output device on [[Linux]] systems.

'''AUX:''' copies the '''from file''' file to the printer attached to the first [[serial port]]. This string must be translated with the SUBSTITUTE specification for Business Rules! Linux versions.

In place of the '''PRN:''' or '''AUX:''' parameters, you may also specify COM1:, COM2:, LPT1:, LPT2:, etc. to indicate the port to which your printer is attached (see the drive discussion in the Definitions chapter for more information). These device references will operate properly only on Business Rules DOS versions. They may be mapped to new references with the BRConfig.sys file's SUBSTITUTE specification.

The redirection symbol in the '''>file-ref''' parameter saves messages that normally appear on the screen to the specified file. The '''PRINT''' parameter sends these same messages to the printer rather than to the screen or a file.

'''Option''' may be one or more of several optional parameters. Such option(s) can follow the copy command when separated from the rest of the command with a dash:

{|
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-A'''||tells the system to copy only files that have the archive bit on. The system turns the archive bits in the original files off when the copying process is complete. This option applies to Business Rules! [[DOS]] versions only.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-C'''||prompts for a diskette change if the disk is full.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-D'''||omits deleted records from the copy, but responds only when used with internal files. It is important to rebuild all related index files after using this option.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-N'''||prevents the screen from showing a log of performed actions.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-P'''||causes scrolling to pause after a full screen of information has been displayed. (Press <CR> for next screen.)
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-S'''||option has been added to allow copying of a file which is currently open. The file to be copied must be opened for sharing (SHR or SHRI) if it is opened NOSHR, error [[4148]] (file sharing violation) will occur when COPY with the -S is attempted.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-V'''||requires the operator to Verify each action before Business Rules! performs it.
|-valign="top"
|width="10%"|'''-#'''||represents output file record length. Internal file record lengths are shortened or expanded (with blanks) to match the number you indicate (version [[2.04]]+). When specified with other options, the record length must always be last.
|-valign="top"
|}

==Technical Considerations==
Prior to version [[3.0]] the -S switch meant preserve space. That syntax is no longer supported. -s now refers to file sharing as noted above.

COPY to a printer :DEVICE was being rejected. COPY to a PRN: or WIN: device is still illegal. (Use TYPE with redirection for PRN: and WIN:)

==Client Server==

COPY filename @:filename (@ indicates Client system)

Copies filename TO client current directory

(Or specify @:pathname relative to client current directory.)

COPY @:filename filename

Copies filename FROM client current directory.

If you are trying to use [[absolute paths]] on the [[client]], specify @::

This is really most useful with [[OPEN:]] and [[SAVE:]] file selection browsers.

Use caution when using absolute paths on the client because [[permissions]] and [[file systems]] can be different from one computer to another.

Normally BR will use the [[startup directory]] to copy things and you can change this in the shortcut if needed.

<noinclude>
[[Category:Commands]]
[[Category:File Management Commands]]
</noinclude>

Business Rules!

2011-12-27T15:52:17Z

75.118.248.221: removed the word stable

'''Business Rules!''', also known as '''BR''' is the de facto [[programming language]] used by old school programmers in a modern world.

This language is being adopted by a growing number of young programmers due to it's ability to quickly develop procedural programs that include:

*file processing with rapid indexing
*database access
*beautiful [[user interfaces]]
*excellent scalability

and have it run in a framework which boasts:
*unsurpassed stability
*interactive debugging
*uniquely readable building block support ( libraries )
*[[character oriented window, field and report positioning]]
*HTTP client or server emulation
*serial communications
*PDF printing overlays
*performance profiling
*a unique [[client server architecture]]

But most of all, BR stresses code READABILITY. That is, the ability for a programmer to read another programmer's code.

Also, BR handles platform dependencies independently from code, so it is easy to maintain one set of programs for all supported platforms (Windows, Linux and MAC).

Business Rules! is a procedural programming language with an extensive history that begins with the IBM 5100/5110/5120 in the 1970s, the System 23 Datamaster introduced in 1981, and IBM System 36 Basic. But make no mistake, BR is not your father's Basic Language. It has evolved into a graphical and highly interoperable tool. BR is currently maintained by [[Application Development Systems]].

The BR Programming Language is comprised of [[Environmental Settings]], [[Commands]], [[Variable|Variables]], [[Internal Functions|Functions]], [[Expression Logic]] and [[Program Statements]]. Programs are compiled into virtual code that is executed by a run-time executive. This supports a high degree of portability across platforms. The interactive nature of BR facilitates relatively easy debugging because you can change a program while it is running, as well as execute commands and statements from it's [[command console]].

Business Rules! strong commitment to backward compatibility ensures that any investment in BR programs will be protected nearly indefinitely. While some of Business Rules! syntax may seem too simplistic to someone versed in more complex object oriented programming, the language's inability to hide code can work wonders for your bottom line.

BR! manages to run unchanged programs from minicomputers computers in the 70s and 80s, while still changing and growing to support the latest platforms and trends in today's computing world.

See also: [[BR Wiki:Community Portal]]

== Getting Started ==

Please, read through the [[Setup]] section for information on how to get started.

== Categories ==

Most of this wiki is categorized. An individual article may belong to multiple categories. The [[Special:Uncategorizedcategories|Top Level Categories]] are a nice way to browse this wiki. In the table below are the most popular categories.

*[[:Category:Commands|Commands]]
*[[:Category:Data_Types_and_Arrays|Data Types and Arrays]]
*[[:Category:Operators_and_System_Functions|Operators and System Functions]]
*[[:Category:Field_Specifications_and_Definitions|Field Specifications and Definitions]]
*[[:Category:Statements|Statements]]
*[[:Category:Control_Structures|Control Structures]]
*[[:Category:File_Operations|File Operations]]
*[[:Category:Sorting_and_Indexing|Sorting and Indexing]]
*[[:Category:GUI|Widgets / GUI]]
*[[:Category:Properties_Events_and_Methods|Properties, Events and Methods]]
*[[:Category:User_Defined_Functions_and_Libraries|User Defined Functions / Libraries]]
*[[:Category:Configuration_and_Environmental_Settings|Configuration and Environmental Settings]]
*[[:Category:Printing|Printing]]
*[[:Category:HTTP|HTTP]]
*[[:Category:External_Editors|External Editors]]
*[[:Category:Glossary|Glossary / Terminology]]
*[[:Category:Errors|Errors]]

Business Rules!

2011-12-05T16:30:30Z

75.118.248.221: graphic -> graphical

[[image:businessrules.gif|right]]

'''Business Rules!''', also known as '''BR!''' is the de facto [[programming language]] used by old school programmers in a modern world.

This language is being adopted by a growing number of young programmers due to it's ability to quickly develop:

*file processing
*database
*beautiful [[graphical user interfaces]]

and have it run in a stable frame work which boasts:
*unsurpassed stability
*rapid indexing

Business Rules!, also known as BR!, is a programming language with an extensive [[history]] that begins with the IBM 5100/5110/5120 in the 1970s, the System 23 Datamaster introduced in 1981, and continues its proud tradition and strong niche of business programming languages today - requiring only a minimum of graphic ability, but is capable of very precise numeric calculations. It is currently owned and supported by [[Application Development Systems]].

The BR! Programming Language, like many others, is comprised of [[Statements]], [[Internal Functions|Functions]], [[Commands]], [[Variable|Variables]], Logic, and Data. Individual [[programs]] are conveniently contained within separate files and are interpreted during run time. This allows for a very easy design environment, since you can change a program while it is running, as well as execute commands from it's [[command console]].

Business Rules! strong commitment to backward compatibility ensures it a healthy following in today's development world. While much of the Business Rules! syntax may seem antiquated to someone versed in object oriented programming, the language's strong commitment to traditional [[wikipedia:Imperative programming|procedural, imperative programming]] ensures it a healthy following in today's development world. Business Rules! doesn't change syntax just for the fun of it.

See also: [[BR Wiki:Community Portal]]

BR! manages to run unchanged programs from minicomputers computers in the 70s and 80s, while still changing and growing to incorporate the latest in programming techniques and trends on today's equipment.

== Categories ==

Most of this wiki is categorized. An individual article may belong to multiple categories. The [[Special:Uncategorizedcategories|Top Level Categories]] are a nice way to browse this wiki. In the table below are the most popular categories.

[[:Category:Help|Help Using the Wiki]]
 
[[:Category:Commands|Commands]]
 
[[:Category:Data_Types_and_Arrays|Data Types and Arrays]]
 
[[:Category:Operators_and_System_Functions|Operators and System Functions]]
 
[[:Category:Field_Specifications_and_Definitions|Field Specifications and Definitions]]
 
[[:Category:Statements|Statements]]
 
[[:Category:Control_Structures|Control Structures]]
 
[[:Category:File_Operations|File Operations]]
 
[[:Category:Sorting_and_Indexing|Sorting and Indexing]]
 
[[:Category:GUI|Widgets / GUI]]
 
[[:Category:Properties_Events_and_Methods|Properties, Events and Methods]]
 
[[:Category:User_Defined_Functions_and_Libraries|User Defined Functions / Libraries]]
 
[[:Category:Configuration|Configuration]]
 
[[:Category:Printing|Printing]]
 
[[:Category:HTTP|HTTP]]
 
[[:Category:External_Editors|External Editors]]
 
[[:Category:Glossary|Glossary / Terminology]]
 
[[:Category:Errors|Errors]]